Patna: Bihar recorded just 155 mm of rainfall in August this year, 33% below the normal rainfall for the month, as a weak monsoon and the impact of El Niño conditions affected rainfall across the state.
The August rainfall was the lowest recorded in Bihar in 21 years. The previous lowest August rainfall was recorded in 2005, when the state received only 152 mm due to a prolonged monsoon break.
The rainfall deficit was also accompanied by unusually high temperatures. Bihar recorded an average maximum temperature of 33.4 degrees Celsius in August. The highest average maximum temperature for August was recorded in 2023, when it reached 34.3 degrees Celsius amid El Niño conditions.
June and July also remained deficient
The rainfall deficit was not limited to August. Bihar received 104 mm of rainfall in June, 42% below normal, while July recorded 228 mm, 39% below normal.
The prolonged rainfall deficiency has contributed to higher temperatures and increased humidity across the state, particularly during August.
September may bring little relief
Weather officials have warned that the rainfall deficit could continue into September. Bihar is expected to receive around 271.9 mm of rainfall during the month, which would be approximately 25% below normal.
The continuing weakness of the monsoon could have implications for agriculture and water availability if substantial rainfall does not occur later in the season.
El Niño impact on monsoon
Officials attributed the deficient rainfall partly to El Niño conditions. El Niño refers to the abnormal warming of surface waters in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean. When Pacific Ocean temperatures rise significantly, it can influence atmospheric circulation and affect the strength and distribution of the Indian monsoon.
With Bihar experiencing deficient rainfall through much of the monsoon season, September rainfall will be closely watched for any improvement in the state’s overall seasonal rainfall position.
