Patna : Bihar is facing an alarming rise in kidney disease, with health experts linking the surge to widespread tobacco consumption, particularly the use of khaini (chewing tobacco). The state, which already ranks third in India for HIV infections, is now grappling with an escalating kidney health crisis.
According to leading nephrologists, cases of kidney disease in Bihar have increased by over 5% compared to last year, with high blood pressure—often aggravated by tobacco use—identified as a key contributor. “Chewing tobacco raises blood pressure, which in turn leads to kidney disease. Smoking worsens the condition and reduces the effectiveness of blood pressure medication,” said Dr. Hemant Kumar, a prominent kidney specialist.
Rising Cases and Overburdened Hospitals
The demand for dialysis in Bihar’s hospitals has soared, with more than 22,000 patients undergoing the procedure last year. An estimated 10% of the state’s population is suffering from some form of kidney disease, often unknowingly. While 80% of cases are linked to hypertension or diabetes, the remaining 20% are attributed to genetic factors, excessive use of painkillers, or congenital conditions.
Hospitals in Patna, including AIIMS, PMCH, and IGIMS, are struggling to keep up. “Every day, over 100 kidney patients seek treatment at these facilities, and 25 to 30 people require dialysis at IGIMS and PMCH alone,” said a hospital official.
Tobacco and Environmental Factors at Play
Dr. Kumar, who runs awareness campaigns on World Kidney Day, emphasized that lifestyle choices and environmental pollution are exacerbating the problem. “We are seeing an increasing number of young patients who have been consuming khaini from an early age. Their kidneys are failing due to prolonged tobacco use,” he said.
Additionally, water contamination is a major concern, with arsenic and fluoride pollution in the Ganges and other regional water sources contributing to kidney damage. The districts of Rohtas and Madhepura have been identified as hotspots for kidney disease, with high concentrations of patients.
Children Also at Risk
Kidney disease is not only affecting adults. Experts warn that children are increasingly being diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome, a condition in which protein leakage due to kidney swelling leads to organ failure. “If schools conducted annual urine tests for students, early detection could prevent severe complications,” Dr. Kumar suggested.
In a significant medical milestone, Patna AIIMS recently performed its first kidney transplants, with parents donating kidneys to their children. However, the gap between demand and supply remains vast. On average, Bihar sees 210 kidney transplants annually, while around 550 patients require a transplant each month at IGIMS alone.
Preventive Measures and Public Awareness
Doctors stress the importance of routine health checks and lifestyle modifications to curb the rising tide of kidney disease. “A balanced diet, regular exercise, and early dinner can significantly reduce the risk. Avoiding tobacco and painkillers is crucial,” Dr. Kumar advised.
