Patna: Hospitals across Bihar are seeing a sharp rise in cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other respiratory illnesses, as falling temperatures and worsening pollution put pressure on public health services.
Doctors say the twin impact of winter chill and toxic air is intensifying breathing difficulties, persistent cough and throat irritation, prompting fresh warnings for vulnerable groups to take precautions. Residents have been advised to avoid highly polluted areas and wear warm clothing to reduce risk.
In Patna, viral fever cases have risen sharply in recent weeks, accompanied by growing complaints of cough, phlegm and throat discomfort. A troubling pattern has emerged: patients recovering from viral infections are experiencing coughs that linger far longer than before. At the TB and Chest department of IGIMS, nearly one-third of daily OPD visitors fall into this category. Dr Manish Shankar, the department head, said around 300 patients visit his clinic on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays — with roughly 100 reporting prolonged respiratory issues.
Pollution aggravates post-viral inflammation
Doctors say that inflammation in the respiratory tract often remains after viral illness. When patients are exposed to dust, smog or fine particulate matter from vehicle emissions, this residual inflammation worsens, leading to a cough that can persist for weeks. Studies show that pollutants such as PM2.5 and PM10 damage the inner lining of the airways, increasing respiratory sensitivity and slowing recovery. The impact is particularly severe in older adults and those with asthma or COPD.
Precautions advised
Dr Shankar warned that pollution levels are likely to stay above normal throughout the winter. He urged people to take preventive steps to limit exposure and protect their respiratory health:
Wear a mask in polluted areas
Avoid dust, smoke and smog
Drink warm water and inhale steam morning and evening
Seek medical help if a cough lasts more than three weeks or if breathing becomes difficult
